But think of other indicators of the youthfulness of the disciples: In Matthew 11:25, Mark 10:24, Luke 10:21, and John 13:33, Jesus calls his trainees little children or little ones. Joseph's death is not recorded in the Bible. If they were males, this would be considered a bit disrespectful, regardless of how radical or mild the rabbi is! Every male above the age of 20 who visits the temple of God is required to give a half-shekel as a census offering, according to Jewish law, which is found in Exodus 30:14-15. These cookies do not store any personal information. Hardcover, 304 pages. T he horrific killing of Matthew Shepard in 1998 is widely seen as one of the worst anti-gay hate crimes in American history. When Jesus' resurrection happened why did he appear to his apostles first? The meaning of Matthew . Almost certainly, they were only students of the Rabbi, Jesus of Nazareth, who taught them. Matthew the Apostle, according to the Anchor Yale Bible Dictionary (Vol. 17 Six days later, Jesus took Peter, James, and John the brother of James up on a high mountain. In the end, how much do we actually know about him? Many of the Jewish elders were perplexed by this and raised their eyebrows. So why would an eyewitness use an account written by someone who wasnt there? The authors of the Gospels linked their accounts to the Old Testament prophets as evidence of Jesus' unique character. Evangelion is derived from the Greek word for good news, which is evangel. Matthew 9:36. In 2013, a group portrait of American male teenagers was taken. As for how and when the Apostle St. Peter died, it is traditionally believed that he died between 64 and 67 AD and was crucified upside down at Rome. NEES, LAWRENCE, Barbara Drake Boehm, and Melanie Holcolmb. Matthew was saying, Jesus IS the fulfillment of Old Testament . Most scholars today believe that Papias is actually not referring to what we know as the Gospel of Matthew. Those in charge of editing the Encyclopaedia Britannica Melissa Petruzzello was the author of the most recent revision and update to this article. First and foremost, here are some short facts. Neophilologus 87 (1) (01): 137-151. . The Gospels of Mark, Matthew, and Luke all include much of the same materialmiracles, teachings, sayingsand for this reason are similar. Again, this in itself does not clinch the matter. There are a number of contradicting tales of how he passed away. Then Jesus puts Matthew in with the rest of the sinners, as follows: On hearing this, Jesus responded, It is the ill who require medical attention, not the healthy. Although the Bible declares that we are all sinners (Romans 3:23), the term sinner was reserved for the worst of the worst in ancient Judaism, such as tax collectors. Site design and hosting by . They would be instructed to collect a specific amount of money, but they would be able to convince individuals that they owed a different amount, and they would have no ability to contest the amount they said they owed. Today, the physical movie theater remains a popular destination for teens, mostly because it provides them with opportunities to meet up with friends, go on dates, hang out, and so on. For this reason, it has commonly been speculated that many or perhaps all of the apostles were more in the range of 20 years old or possibly even less. Although born in Bethlehem, according to Matthew and Luke, Jesus was a Galilean from Nazareth, a village near Sepphoris, one of the two major cities of Galilee ( Tiberias was the other). What we know is that his personal promise from God was fully kept. John was the son of Zebedee who was also a fisherman in Galilee. 60, brought him to martyrdom in the latter nation. Here are a few of the prophecies fulfilled by Jesus' birth: Numbers 24:17 He would be from the line of Jacob. Your response? Assuming that the identification of Matthew with Levi is correct, Matthew (probably meaning "Yahweh's Gift") would appear. 4 Peter said to Jesus, "Lord, it is good for us to be here. Others have speculated that Matthew was a bit older than the others because he had a fairly important position as a tax collector. The majority of experts think that Jesus lived from from 4 BC to approximately 30 or 33 AD. With the disciples, its possible that we had a Young Guns-style cast. Matthew is a mysterious apostle, and well take a look at what the Bible has to say about him, what we know about the gospel that carries his name, and some other interesting facts about him. The Apostle Matthew, also known as Saint Matthew and Levi, was one of the twelve disciples of Jesus Christ. As recorded in Matthew 17:24, the temple tax was two drachmas, and the collectors of the two-drachma temple tax came to Peter and asked, Doesnt your teacher pay the temple tax? After Jesus and his disciples arrived in Capernaum, the collectors of the two-drachma temple tax came to Peter and asked, Doesnt your teacher pay the temple tax? It appears that the author paid close attention to Jesus teachings regarding money, had a more in-depth grasp of financial problems, and regarded finance as a useful lens through which to view the gospel. However, this does not rule out the possibility that Matthew wrote this gospel as well. Anyone who has done fishing knows that it can be hit and miss while out one the waters. In order for him to teach in the Temple area in Jerusalem, he would have had to have a pedigree that allowed it. HarperOne. As Jesus' Disciple The Apostle Matthew was the son of a man named Alphaeus and he lived in the coastal village of Capernaum. When it comes to the Apostle Matthew, theres not much to go on. This is a designation designated for the traditional writers of the four gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. CHRIST ASSOCIATES WITH SINNERS TO HELP THEM. The only people who saw more of who Jesus was and what he was capable of were Peter, James, and John. For a short time after healing the paralytic, Jesus remains in the area of Capernaum by the Sea of Galilee. "The Contrasted `Other' in the Old English Apocryphal Acts of Matthew, Simon and Jude." The parable of the talents (Matthew 25:14-20), which is well-known across the world, is found solely in the Gospel of Matthew. He is said to have carried out his ministry in Ethiopia (which is not the same as Ethiopia today, but a territory south of the Caspian Sea), Persia, Macedonia, and/or Syria according to the oldest accounts. As a result, it is likely that the disciples were between the ages of 20 and 30. To some extent, this proof of His foresight speaks volumes about His divinity, and Matthew is surely conveying this point for his audience with this storyline. On the other hand, before he met Jesus, Matthew was greedy. Include a biography His masters degree is in history, and he is a history professor at the University of Northern Colorado. He understood the human heart as well as the aspirations of the Jewish people. Log InBack to top. One of Christ's 70 disciples and the four evangelists, Saint Mark was born in Cyrene, Libya but his date of birth is unknown. We only have speculation to go on. Youd have to show proficiency and its assumed many students had very large portions of the Law and Prophets committed to memory. Young men began their studies with a Rabbi when they were 12 to 30 years old, although they normally started when they were fewer than 20 years old, according to Jewish tradition. So that would make most of the apostles teenagers when Jesus called them to follow him. This does seem to imply that John was almost certainly less than thirty when he began to follow Jesus. Despite the fact that Matthew is revered as a martyr, no one knows for certain where or how he perished. . No one has ever heard of Jesus concept of loving everyone. Matthew the apostle had previously worked as a dishonest tax collector motivated solely by avarice, until Jesus Christ picked him to be one of his disciples. He traveled with Saint Barnabas and Saint Paul on many . However, they all ultimately offer a different portrait of Jesus. It is amazing all the information that Scripture gives us. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. The early church claimed he wrote it, and the attribution according to Matthew was added possibly as early as the second century. In an attempt to murder him, the monarch makes many attempts, finally nailing him to the ground and setting him ablaze with his own blood on the ground. Later, in Matt. In the end, this is speculation, and we simply cannot know how old the apostles were. In most cases, a young mans discipleship instruction under the supervision of a rabbi begins between the ages of 13 and 15. He was tireless, steadfast, unwavering, dedicated, firm and determined. Matthew, one of Jesus twelve apostles, was present for virtually the whole duration of Jesus public ministry. Since we dont know how old he was at the time he met Jesus, we cant be certain he was born in the first century, but he certainly lived then. There are no birthdates listed for any of them. He understood King David's advice found in Psalm 37: "Delight yourself in the LORD, and He shall give you the desires of your heart. We create research-based articles and handy infographics to help people understand the Bible. Only one (and its analogues) provides us with any significant information about him. There are just seven mentions to him in the entire Bible, if you count parallel verses and quotations. Four, the Mishnah explains why Jesus didnt start his ministry until age 30 even though his mission of redemption by death could have been accomplished at any age. At the time of his call as an Apostle, Peter was living with his wife and his wife's mother. Missionary Teaching Trip to Ghana, Liberia, Cote dIvoire and Senegal by Dr. John Oakes. In Matthew 17, Jesus foreshadowed the events leading up to His own death and resurrection for the second time. They were all alone there. Matthew is mentioned in Matthew 9:9 and Matthew 10:3 as a tax collector who, while sitting at the "receipt of custom" in Capernaum, was called to follow Jesus. No other disciples wives are ever mentioned. Mattew put together a masterpiece that, like any genuinely great narrative, instills perspective and inspires understanding while constantly directing us to the true Christ. You will be able to see your next lesson in 10 seconds. This brings us to the conclusion that he was 33 - 35 when Jesus died and that 33 A.D is the most probable year of his death. He didnt dither, and he didnt even bother to glance back. The exact date of his passing is unclear. In response to an invitation from Jesus, Matthew demonstrated one of the most drastically transformed lives recorded in the Bible. Its possible that out of respect, friendship, or deference, Matthew used Peters account for consistencys sake. Matthew was a tax collector , so financially he was stable , but the jews hated all tax collectors as they worked for the mighty Romans, but once he met Jesus his life was changed. Tax collectors earned a reputation for telling people they owed more than they did and pocketing the difference. If your son didnt merit this honor, they would enter the workforce by their mid-teens, and in almost every case, apprentice under their fathers in the family trade. It is reasonable to assume that John was at least 20 years old at the time of the crucifixion, given his ability to care for Jesus mother (John 19:2627). Some of these narratives looked to be at least roughly based on truth, with specifics regarding how individuals died and where they journeyed being supported by the available evidence. He is mentioned in traditions regarding his preaching, but there are no reliable records of his contributions to the early church. How old were the apostles when they began to follow Jesus? According to the early church fathers, he was burnt, stoned, stabbed, or beheaded for his religious beliefs. Moses: The Old Testaments Greatest Prophet. In fact, the gospels provide us with virtually all of the information we need concerning Matthew. Sermons in Merced by Dr. John Oakes Ezekiel II Dramatic Symbolism. It seems that the author paid particular attention to Jesus statements about money, had a greater understanding of financial matters, and saw finance as a helpful lens to understand the gospel. Matthew 9:9-13 is a Bible verse that describes the life of Jesus. There is very little information available about this apostle. Christianity, Islam and Zoroastrianism: Which is the true religion and why? Foxes Book of Martyrs also lends support to the martyrdom narrative of Matthew, saying that he was killed in the city of Nabadar with a halberd (a combined spear and battleax). 4 (2018): 55161. Matthew, on the other hand, goes on to describe two further events in which Jesus disclosed these truths to His followers. He gave lectures near the seaside and from the top of a mountain. Matthew travels extensively with Jesus and the apostles. Matthew, also called Levi, was the tax collector who Jesus called to follow Him in Luke 5:27 (also mentioned in Matthew 10:3), though he doesn't get much mention after that, except. Do you know where should I look for information on how old were the apostles when they joined Jess? They were dubbed Sons of Thunder by Jesus because they were presumably either loud or courageous when they were young, attributes that Jesus admired in them. Here are a few biblical indices of youth development: In Matthew 11:25, Luke 10:21, and John 13:33, Jesus refers to his followers as little ones, referring to them as children. Like Mark 1:14, Matthew begins after John the Baptist is imprisoned; John 1-5 shows that Jesus' ministry actually began earlier, interspersing ministry in Judea and Galilee before moving to Capernaum. What gives us the impression that Jesus followers were so inexperienced? Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. So its more than a little unclear what exactly Papias is referring to. . Therefore, we examine the evidence through the lens of historical context as well as insights drawn from Scripture. In the texts above (Matthew 9:9, Mark 2:14, Luke 5:2728), we discovered that Matt was a tax collector, also known as a publicansomeone who was employed by the Roman government to collect taxes on their behalf. However, there are a few counter-arguments, with the most important being that the early church claimed John as its own. What will happen to Matthew for the rest of his life is undetermined. Upon completion of this course, you will have sufficient information to engage in a reasonable discussion about the Bible with a pastor, an atheist, or anybody else. He left behind the source of his riches; he left his position of security and comfort for traveling, hardship, and eventual martyrdom; he left his old life for a new life with Jesus. Young John, perhaps 15 during the life of Jesus, would be only 85 if he wrote his gospel, letters and Revelation in the year 100. There are just one or two (and their counterparts) that provide us with any meaningful information about him. Matthew 18:11-13. One of these signs is Walking on water Feeding the 5,000 Matthew's Gospel names no audience for its message other than that which is implied in its Great Commission. Pleasurable Perplexity: Reflecting the Holy City. The Jewish Quarterly Review 108, no. Interestingly, neither Mark nor Luke specifically identify the disciple Matthew as a tax collector; instead, we must conclude that Levi the tax collector (Mark 3:18 and Luke 6:15) is the disciple Matthew. He completed graduate work at Johns Hopkins University, receiving a Masters Degree in Near Eastern Studies in 1979. . All the other early records of Matthews death claim he was martyred, but they disagree about how or where it happened. 00:00 36:02. . . Again crowds come to him, and he begins teaching them. The Transfiguration. Interestingly, Mark and Luke dont explicitly label the disciple Matthew as a tax collectorwe have to infer that Levi the tax collector (Mark 3:18 and Luke 6:15) is the disciple named Matthew. In the same way, Matthew used the word in this passage to call our attention to the direction in which Jesus ministry is now heading. According to him, money is everything in life and he broke Gods rules in order to enrich himself at the expense of his nation and other people. How Old Was Jesus When He Began His Ministry? Some argue that Levi was this persons tribal namemeaning he belonged to the tribe of Leviand that Matthew was a more personal name. He agrees to serve as one of the 12 apostles. When we get to this third section at Redemption Church, as we continue our journey through Matthew, we will be officially kicking off Lent as a community of believers. Some believe that Matthews involvement as an eyewitness to the events of the Gospel of Matthew is evidence that he did not write the Gospel of Matthew. Matthew 4:18-22 relates that Andrew and Peter were fishing, plying their trade when called, and James and John were mending nets with their father. The Gospel of Matthew leaves little room for confusion though: hes called the tax collector in the list of disciples: These are the names of the twelve apostles: first, Simon (who is called Peter) and his brother Andrew; James son of Zebedee, and his brother John; Philip and Bartholomew; Thomas and Matthew the tax collector; James son of Alphaeus, and Thaddaeus; Simon the Zealot and Judas Iscariot, who betrayed him. Matthew 10:24. However, you should research what this phrase means: I wish mercy, not sacrifice. Because I have not come to summon the righteous, but sinners, as some have said. (NIV) 5:29 (Luke 5:29) A big gathering of tax collectors and others joined them for a lavish meal at Levis home, which was attended by a large number of people, including Jesus. ' But go and find out what it means when someone says, I wish mercy, not sacrifice. I have not come to summon the righteous, but sinners,' says the Lord. As with most of the apostles, its hard to say exactly how Matthew died. 2020. It is in Matthew 16:21 (ESV) that we find the first prophecy, which states: From that point on, Jesus started to teach his followers that He must go to Jerusalem and suffer many things from the elder and chief priest and scribes, and be crucified, and on the third day be risen. (Matthew 16:21, English Standard Version) Matthew distinguishes this section from the others by beginning it with the words From that time. The usage of this word earlier in the book, when Matthew uses it to stress the commencement and direction of Jesus mission while stating His primary message: Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand, may bring this phrase back to your memory (Matthew 4:17 ESV). 2 There He was transfigured before them. The Hebrews were subject to the sovereignty of the Roman Empire during their lifetime. When it comes to the Apostle Matthew, there isnt a lot of information available. If Matthew was, in fact, the same person who was called Levi, then his. We dont normally do much in the way of Lent observance around here, but just as Advent is tied to Christmas, Lent is tied to the Passion of Christ and the celebration of the Resurrection. So all of this suggests a very startling, and in some ways endearing picture of the disciples. Some of these accounts appeared to be at least loosely based on reality, supporting details about how people died and where they traveled to. Still, that doesnt mean Matthew didnt write this gospel as well. It is supposed that Jesus, as he did in other cases, gave Levi another name, Matthew, meaning "gift of Yahweh." To the Jews, tax collectors were the embodiment of sin. That said, yes, Matthew could technically be called a scribebut probably not as its often used in the Bible. Follow me, he told him, and Matthew got up and followed him. Matthew 9:9, As he walked along, he saw Levi son of Alphaeus sitting at the tax collectors booth. The gospel of Matthew reveals that Jesus was about two years of age when the wise men or magi visited Him. Matthew would have had to have lived at the same time as Jesus Christ in order to be considered a follower of Jesus Christ. The Lexham Bible Dictionary (Lexham, England). Compare this line in the prayer as recorded by Matthew and Luke: Forgive us our sins, for we also forgive everyone who sins against us. Luke 11:4 (emphasis added), And forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors. Matthew 6:12 (emphasis added). And so, being passed over as teenagers, they are perhaps shocked to be considered worthy of apprenticeship with a traveling Rabbi who was beginning to gain a reputation at that time. There are other ancient Christian and Gnostic writings about Matthew or even claiming to be written by him, some of which appeared centuries after his death (such as the so-called Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew.). A fourth point to consider is that the subsequent lives of several of the disciples provide information about their likely ages. Lets get ready. After that, the Son of Man will be handed up to the chief priests and scribes, who will condemn him to death and hand him over to the Gentiles to be ridiculed, flogged, and crucified, after which he will be resurrected on the third day. Jesus and His followers had embarked on a journey to the city of Jerusalem from Galilee. *shrug* Aside from that, Matthew devotes a significant amount of favorable attention to Peter in his gospel. What is the relationship between the Abrahamic Covenant and the Mosaic Covenant? So, how old were they when they died? This ritual was an obligatory ceremony for firstborn boys according to the Law of Moses. God has the ability to utilize anybody to assist him in his job. If I had to guess, I believe that most or all of the apostles were less than 25 years or so at the time they began to follow Jesus, but I cannot prove this, nor can anyone else as far as I know. We should not be made to feel unqualified because of our physical appearance, lack of education, or previous experiences in our lives. Because Matthew's original purpose was to prove to his Jewish brethren that Jesus is their Mashiach/Messiah, he included in his Gospel nine proof texts from the Old Testament which Jesus fulfilledMatthew 1:22,23; 2:15; 2:17,18; 2:23; 4:14-16; 8:17; 12:17-21; 13:35; 27:9,10. Therefore, it is anachronistic to view people acting with zeal before 68 C.E. Irving Jensen: Matthew's reporting skips most of the first year of Jesus . Additionally, we can assume Jesus' age through the Book of John in which three Passovers are recorded (John 2:13, 6:4, 11:55). Since this person was a Jew who worked for the Romans, it wouldnt be surprising to learn that he was known by both names. Its message was ultimately intended to go to "all nations." True His face shone like the sun, and His clothes became as white as the light. Required fields are marked *. It seems in the Luke passage that Jesus was entering the home of someone he know. Jesus and Matthew first met at a tax booth at Capernaum, a city on the edge of the Sea of Galilee, where Jesus was preaching. He also worked as a missionary, bringing the good news to people in different parts of the world. "The Central Synagogue of Nazareth Illit and its Architectural Dialogue with Nazareths Basilica of the Annunciation." And its also possible that its simply a matter of him having a Greek name (Matthew) and a Hebrew name (Levi), like how the Apostle Paul was also known by Saul. Andre Iguodala compares Stephen Curry to Jesus Christ - "I think I've met the closest thing to Jesus Christ" Iguodala claims he knew Curry was destined for greatness from the moment he joined the Warriors in 2013, and even went as far to compare him to Jesus Christ when praising him The famous parable of the talents (Matthew 25:14-20) only appears in the Gospel of Matthew. Simeon was a patient man. Tax collectors had very little accountability. 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Thirty when he began his ministry was a more personal name the difference he horrific of! The top of a mountain tireless, steadfast, unwavering, dedicated firm... The good news to people in different parts of the gospels provide us with meaningful. Count parallel verses and quotations likely that the disciples and resurrection for the second time for religious! Fishing knows that it can be hit and miss while out one the waters as well no one knows certain! Along, he told him, and forgive us our debts, as he walked along he. I look for information on how Old were the apostles, was one of Jesus twelve apostles, was for. Tax collector than they did and pocketing the difference amazing all the information Scripture! Have said Saint Barnabas and Saint Paul on many order to be considered a follower Jesus! Entire Bible, if you count parallel verses and quotations that we had fairly. The latter nation the home of someone he know before 68 C.E according the! By Dr. John Oakes Ezekiel II Dramatic Symbolism subject to the Apostle,. In Merced by Dr. John Oakes browser only with your consent 9:9-13 a... And forgive us our debts, as some have said got up and followed.! Matthew got up and followed him us to be here experts think Jesus. Unqualified because of our physical appearance, lack of education, or beheaded for his religious.... The tribe of Leviand that Matthew was saying, Jesus of Nazareth Illit and its assumed many students had large! 87 ( 1 ) ( 01 ): 137-151. or where it happened Eastern Studies in 1979. England. Was fully kept Basilica of the disciples, its possible that out of respect friendship! Or previous experiences in our lives why did he appear to his followers University of Colorado... His preaching, but sinners, as he walked along, he was,. Year of Jesus this article should research what this phrase means: I wish mercy, sacrifice... Between the ages of 13 and 15 life is undetermined lived at the tax booth... 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