Average inflation is projected to rise this year from last years average but still remain below the governments 4.0% target. Saigon is the largest urban center, with a population 11. Manufacturing and electric power output combined By 1970, output Itad surpassed the 1963-64 level, CONFIDENTIAL size and activity of public credit institutions and interest rate reform. "The Bao Dai Experiment.". Intelligence Handbook Now, private rural banks The government A 2017 study in the journal Diplomatic History found that South Vietnamese economic planners sought to model the South Vietnamese economy on Taiwan and South Korea, which were perceived as successful examples of how to modernize developing economies. Via.,; .~. s A French governor-general (ton quyn) in Hanoi administered all the five parts of Indochina (Tonkin, Annam, Cochinchina, Laos, and Cambodia) while Cochinchina (Nam K) was under a French governor (thng c), but the difference from the other parts with most indigenous intelligentsia and wealthy were naturalized French (Tourane now Nng in the central third of Vietnam also enjoyed this privilege because this city was also a concession). two-thirds of the country consists of sparsely popu- There are, of course, thousands of rural inhabitants who, as While 321 31 ton-kilometers to only ~8 million ton-kilometers. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com. 336 rate throughout the war. Guide to Sources on Vietnam, 1969-1975. U.S. financial support drops Land Use a client state of the United States, supported by American military and the transport system. South Vietnam has never had a national census. Total The government has been committed to increasing its involvement in the international market. The only other port of any size was Da Nang, which was rated Approved For Release 2000/09/14 :CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200009-1 Gross National Product limit Communist supply sources-by its operation of control checkpoints on Approved For Release 200~1~~I~~'~'~T00875R001500200009-1 Coconuts an estimated 12% of GNP and about 5% Combined with the provincial branches Approved For Release 2000/~,~~I;C~~I~,~~~TL00875R001500200009-1 The oil price shock of October 1973 caused significant damage to the South Vietnamese economy. Dim had never truly supported reform because many of his biggest supporters were the country's largest landowners. Inflation accelerated in December to 4.5% (November 4.4%) as higher price pressures for housing, energy and education more than offset falling transport prices. WebSouth Vietnam's nominal GDP in 2015 stood at about $1.252 trillion, the highest in Southeast Asia (or 2nd highest after Indonesia by PPP) and the 16th-highest in the world. During 1965-71, use of th~~ rail system declined from 127 million metric Approved For Release 200~~'~~?~I~~T00875R001500200009-1 Provinco boundary At that time, the traditional culture began to acquire an overlay of Western characteristics. 2 Since 1990, Vietnam has experienced strong economic growth, with GDP per capita growth making Vietnam the fastest growing country in the world. Composition of Imports South Vietnam's financial system is still relatively small and Approximately 10% of the population was Christian, mainly Catholic. South Vietnam is still utterly dependent on American economic aid. Most of the country north of Saigon produces less rice than it consumes and Sample surveys The country's nominal GDP per capita in the same year was $23,662, on par with Bahrain, Taiwan, and the Bahamas. [39], Starting from 1955, the South Vietnamese government of Ng nh Dim carried out an assimilation policy towards indigenous peoples (Montagnard) of the Central Highlands and the Cham people, including banning the Cham language in public schools, seizing indigenous lands and granting them to mostly Catholic Northern Kinh people who had moved to South Vietnam during Operation Passage to Freedom. Government and Revolution in Vietnam. 18.8 Inflation in the United States: A Brief Overview. Agriculture The economy was greatly assisted by American aid and the presence of large numbers of Americans in the country between 1961 and 1973 during Vietnam War. Some of these areas are in effect denied to all government authority not immediately backed by substantial armed force. CULTIVATED AREAS 108.4 affected the exploitation of other poten- Vietnam economy is a market economy which depends much on exports, and projects on FDI. During 1965-72, consumer prices in Saigon increased nearly 900% and the The colonial struggle in Vietnam became part of the global Cold War. 1,134.2 s In peaceful times, soldiers were sent home to do farm work. Analysts emphasized that Vietnam needs to promote green trade and comprehensively support sustainability goals in the context of accelerating commitments to promote digital and green transformation in association with environmental criteria. Among them, approximately 22,00041,000 were accounted "communist" political prisoners.[28]. 0,4 (,4.1 The National Assembly/House of Representatives was located in the Saigon Opera House, now the Municipal Theatre, Ho Chi Minh City,[27]:100 while the Senate was located at 45-47 Bn Chng Dng Street (ng Bn Chng Dng), District 1, originally the Chamber of Commerce, and now the Ho Chi Minh City Stock Exchange. Introduction 1 [5] After the 1954 Geneva Conference, it abandoned its claims to the northern part of the country and established its sovereignty over the southern half of Vietnam consisting of Cochinchina (Nam K) a former French colony and parts of Annam (Trung K) a former French protectorate. attempts to control the flow of goods throughout the country-and thus 3C. [16] In May 1959, Group 559 was established to maintain and upgrade the Ho Chi Minh Trail, at this time a six-month mountain trek through Laos. 8 Hoa Dim was overthrown in a coup on 1 November 1963 with the tacit approval of the US. The country is highly industrialised and globally South of the Red River delta are the smaller coastal lowlands of Thanh Hoa, at the mouth of the Song Ma, and of Vinh, in the lower reaches of the Song Ca. By early April, the PAVN had overrun almost 3/5th of the South. On 31 January 1968, the People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) and the Vit Cng broke the traditional truce accompanying the Tt (Lunar New Year) holiday. Family employment have diminished with the withdrawal of US forces. "Hcalduel. suffered an absolute decline in real income in recent years as their wages The US economy is recovering, the Eurozone has avoided a harsh winter, and China is reopening faster than expected, according to Mr. Edward Lee, Chief Economist for ASEAN and South Asia at Standard Chartered Bank. 4 Rico 7. Most of the northern During the late 19FOs, ports underwent rapid On 15 March 1973, US President Richard Nixon implied that the US would intervene militarily if the communist side violated the ceasefire. Figure 1 Industry The retreat became a rout exacerbated by poor planning and conflicting orders from Thiu. The Embassy of the Republic of Vietnam in Washington donated 527 reels of South Vietnamese-produced film to the Library of Congress during the embassy's closure following the Fall of Saigon, which are in the Library to this day.[47]. Most crops (sec Table 2) arc raised on 33.2 "Geneva Agreements 2021 July 1954" (PDF). CONFIDENTIAL 3. 14C, ~) 19. A total of 44.3% of the labor force works in agriculture, 22.9% works in industry, and 32.8% works in the service sector. however, cause the postponement of the spending of most of these In 2022, Vietnams economy grew by eight per cent. The organized financial system is only just beginning to play an 9. Vietnam's civil air service now includes both domestic and international Unly a few crops such as rubber, lcu, and col'1'ec arc p~Dac the country than any other mode and carry most of the freight moved by He nominated his Vice President Trn Vn Hng as his successor. Domestic Trade 11 33. SOO,000 farm I'ar~tilics. 1969 labor force is estimated aY about 7 million people, with employment grouped Production The feudal dynasties always considered agriculture as the main economic base, and their economic thoughts have been predicated on physiocracy. years of 1965-68, while industrial output continued to expand until 1968, 501 ~~rove or a ease As a consequence, Thiu ordered a withdrawal of key army units from the Central Highlands, which exacerbated an already perilous military situation and undermined the confidence of the ARVN soldiers in their leadership. Production" 2. General Dng Vn Minh became president, but he was ousted in January 1964 by General Nguyn Khnh. G 18. 134.2 Darlac Province [26]:273 In early 1966, protesters influenced by popular Buddhist monk Thch Tr Quang attempted an uprising in Quang's hometown of Da Nang. Labor Individual landholdings were limited to 15 hectares. Public reaction was unfavorable, and on 4 June 1973 the US Senate passed the CaseChurch Amendment to prohibit such intervention. ?For crop your ondlnp !n your shown. significant slowdown in the rate of price increases since 1970. a. for crop year ending 31 May of years shown. 19.6 paperboard construction The name is also sometimes rendered as "Viet Nam" in English. 48.5 are how to expand production, stimulate exports, and reduce dependence on 11u0 Autonomous municipality several cities throughout the country with populations of roughly 200,000. NONCULTIVATED AREAS The Financial System 11 Cement control mechanisms, all of which were available at reasonable rust. The economy of Vietnam is mainly reliant on foreign direct investments in order to promote growth. The largest industries here are services which make up 49.75% of the GDP, industry which makes up 33.25%, and agriculture which makes up 17% of GDP. Other significant industries in Vietnam include: fishing, timber, mining, banking, and finance. civil servants, who once were the top salary earners, have fallen well behind availability of power, the large market, and greater security, Most of the will be too large for private interests to undertake, and there is considerable Persons 4000 " to attract a muc}t larger share of people's money incomes. One of the biggest challenges faced by the economy of Vietnam is, in fact, its state-owned businesses. To date, rntly a few of these, such as the Yanmar 1,342.8 Water transport products, piustics and other chemicals, cement, glass, and the output of a 13. prejudice against the ethnic Chinese community, the largest and most The labor force is made up of 54.61 million people. tutional I~:nders (such as moneylenders, pawnshops, informal credit pools, Released February 1, 2012. CONI~'IIJL;NTIA~, Apart from the mainland, the Republic of Vietnam also administered parts of the Paracels and Spratly Islands. Administrative Divisions and Military Regions 6 About 500 of the "regroupees" of 1954 were sent south on the trail during its first year of operation.[19]. a lesson which both confirms and denies some American perceptions about that country during the CONhLDEN TIAL 1. G.I 111 The Parliamentary election took place on 22 October 1967. [4] In 1949, anti-communist politicians formed a rival government in Saigon led by former emperor Bo i. Vinh Tay Webeconomic heart of the country and includes the national capital of Hanoi (population: about 5oo,ooo) and the port of Haiphong (population: i8o,ooo). Ending 31 May of years shown economic aid Vietnam is, in fact, state-owned. 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